Database management is the method for managing data that supports the organization’s business processes. It includes data storage and distribution to application programs and users and then modifying it if necessary, monitoring changes in the data and preventing it from becoming corrupted due to unexpected failure. It is a part of an organization’s overall informational infrastructure that supports decision-making and growth for the business as well as compliance with laws like the GDPR and the California Consumer Privacy Act.

In the 1960s, Charles Bachman and IBM along with others created the first database systems. They evolved into the information management systems (IMS) which enabled the storage and retrieve massive amounts of data for a broad range of purposes, from calculating inventory to supporting complicated human resources and financial accounting functions.

A database is tables that arrange data according to some schema, such as one-to many relationships. It uses primary keys to identify records and allows cross-references between tables. Each table contains a set of fields called attributes that represent facts about data entities. Relational models, created by E. F. “TedCodd Codd in the 1970s at IBM, are the most popular database type in the present. This model is based upon normalizing the data, making it simpler raioarcondicionados.com.br to use. It also makes it easier to update data by avoiding the need to update many sections of the database.

Most DBMSs can accommodate various types of databases, by providing different levels of internal and external organization. The internal level addresses cost, scalability and other operational concerns like the layout of the physical storage. The external level is the representation of the database in user interfaces and applications. It could include a mix of different external views that are based on different data models and could include virtual tables that are computed with generic data to enhance the performance.